Most of the beef produced in Finland is coming from dairy calves which are raised in separate beef farms from the age of about two weeks until they are sent to slaughter. Annual beef production in Finland is about 80 million kilogram. More than 80 percent of Finnish beef is produced as a by-product from dairy production as cull cows, dairy origin bulls and heifers not need to replace dairy cows. The role of beef breed animals is to produce the remaining portion of the total beef production. When the number of dairy cows has turned down and the number of calves fell down the self sufficiency rate of beef (ratio of production to consumption) has fallen from 111 percent in 1995 to 89 percent in 2005 and to only 84 percent in 2019.